WMÕæÈËWMÊÓѶ

·þÎñÈÈÏߣº

Î人LEDÈ«²ÊÆÁ
ÁªÏµWMÕæÈËWMÊÓѶ
Î人LED×°ÖÃ
Î人LED×°ÖÃ
  • ¿Í·þÈÈÏߣº
    18995558000 18995560008
  • ÁªÏµµç»°£º
    027-87643239 027-87214385
  • ¹«Ë¾µØµã£ºÎ人ÊÐçóè¤Â·20ºÅ£¨½ÖµÀ¿Ú£©¸·»ª´óÏãÂ×ù1102/1103ÊÒ
  • ÊÖÒյ绰£º
    027-87395188 027-87295188
  • ÊÖÒÕÑз¢ÖÐÐÄ£ºÎ人ÊкéɽÇøçóʨ·204ºÅÃ÷ÑÅÔ·5¶°3µ¥Î»B102
ÈõµçÈËÐèÒªµÄËùÓÐÍøÂç»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶»ã×Ü£¡

ÐÅϢȪԴ£º/ ×÷Õߣººþ±±WMÕæÈËWMÊÓѶLEDÏÔʾÆÁ¹«Ë¾

 ÕýÎÄ×îÏÈÇ°ÏÈÎÊÎÊ£ºÄã¶ÔOSIºÍTCP/IPÕâÖÖ»ù´¡ÉúÊèÂð£¿

WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ


¾ÝÊӲ죬ÄÄÅÂÊÇÀíÂÛ»ù´¡±¡ÈõµÄ£¬Ò²»á¼¸¶àÖªµÀËü¡£



ΪɶÄØ£¿

ÓÉÓÚ£¬OSIºÍTCP/IPÊǺܻù´¡µ«ÓÖºÜÊÇÖ÷ÒªµÄ֪ʶ£¬Ðí¶à֪ʶµã¶¼ÊÇÒÔËüÃÇΪ»ù´¡È¥´®ÁªµÄ£¬×÷Ϊµ×²ã£¬ÕÆÎÕµÄԽ͸³¹£¬ÄãÃ÷È·Éϲãʱ»áԽ˳³©¡£



ºÃ±È£¬½ñÌìÕâƪÍøÂç»ù´¡¿ÆÆÕ£¬¾ÍÊÇƾ֤OSI²ã¼¶È¥ÖðÒ»Õö¿ªµÄ¡£



ÓÐÐí¶àÏëÈëÃŵÄСÓÑÎʹý£º

¾¿¾¹Ôõô²Å¿ÉÒÔÔÚ×Ô¼º¿ÕÏÐʱ¼äÈ¥ÉÔ΢Èë¸öÃÅ£¿

ÓÐûÓÐʲô½ÏÁ¿ÍêÕûµÄÀíÂÛ»ù´¡×ÊÁÏ£¬¿ÉÒÔ·¢¸öÀ´¿´¿´£¿



ÓÚÊǽñÌ죬¾Í×¼±¸ÁËÕâÁ½¸öÄÚÈÝ¡£



Ò»¸ö¾ÍÊDZ¾ÆªÎÄÕ£¬36ÕÅͼ£¬º­¸ÇÁ˴󲿷ֻù´¡µÄÍøÂçÊÖÒյ㡣



Éî¶È²»·ó£¬¹ã¶ÈÀ´´Õ£¬ºÜÊǽ¨ÒéÉíΪÍøÂ繤³ÌʦµÄÄãÊÕ²Ø+Öظ´ÔĶÁ¡£






01
ÅÌËã»úÍøÂç»ù´¡



01 ÅÌËã»úÍøÂçµÄ·ÖÀà


ƾ֤ÍøÂçµÄ×÷ÓùæÄ££º¹ãÓòÍø£¨WAN£©¡¢³ÇÓòÍø£¨MAN£©¡¢¾ÖÓòÍø£¨LAN£©£»



ƾ֤ÍøÂçʹÓÃÕߣº¹«ÓÃÍøÂ硢רÓÃÍøÂç¡£



02 ÅÌËã»úÍøÂçµÄÌõÀí½á¹¹


WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ

TCP/IPËIJãÄ£×ÓÓëOSIϵͳ½á¹¹±ÈÕÕ£º

WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ
03 ÌõÀí½á¹¹Éè¼ÆµÄ»ùÀ´Ô´Ôò


¸÷²ãÖ®¼äÊÇÏ໥×ÔÁ¦µÄ£»

ÿһ²ãÐèÒªÓÐ×ã¹»µÄÎÞаÐÔ£»

¸÷²ãÖ®¼äÍêÈ«½âñî¡£

WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ

04 ÅÌËã»úÍøÂçµÄÐÔÄÜÖ¸±ê


ËÙÂÊ£ºbps=bit/s

ʱÑÓ£º·¢ËÍʱÑÓ¡¢Èö²¥Ê±ÑÓ¡¢ÅŶÓʱÑÓ¡¢´¦Öóͷ£Ê±ÑÓ

Íù·µÊ±¼äRTT£ºÊý¾Ý±¨ÎÄÔڶ˵½¶ËͨѶÖеÄÍù·µÒ»´ÎµÄʱ¼ä¡£




02
ÎïÀí²ã



ÎïÀí²ãµÄ×÷Óãº



ÅþÁ¬²î±ðµÄÎïÀí×°±¸£¬´«Êä±ÈÌØÁ÷¡£¸Ã²ãΪÉϲãЭÒéÌṩÁËÒ»¸ö´«ÊäÊý¾ÝµÄ¿É¿¿µÄÎïÀíýÌå¡£¼òÆÓµÄ˵£¬ÎïÀí²ãÈ·±£Ô­Ê¼µÄÊý¾Ý¿ÉÔÚÖÖÖÖÎïÀíýÌåÉÏ´«Êä¡£



ÎïÀí²ã×°±¸£º



ÖмÌÆ÷¡¾Repeater£¬Ò²½Ð·Å´óÆ÷¡¿£ºÍ³Ò»¾ÖÓòÍøµÄÔÙÉúÐźÅ£»Á½Í·¿ÚµÄÍø¶Î±ØÐèͳһЭÒ飻5-4-3¹æ³Ì£º10BASE-5ÒÔÌ«ÍøÖУ¬×î¶à´®Áª4ÆäÖмÌÆ÷£¬5¶ÎÖÐÖ»ÄÜÓÐ3¸öÅþÁ¬Ö÷»ú£»

¼¯ÏßÆ÷£ºÍ³Ò»¾ÖÓòÍøµÄÔÙÉú¡¢·Å´óÐźţ¨¶à¶Ë¿ÚµÄÖмÌÆ÷£©£»°ëË«¹¤£¬²»¿É¸ôÀë³åÍ»ÓòÒ²²»¿É¸ôÀë¹ã²¥Óò¡£

ÐŵÀµÄ»ù±¾¿´·¨£ºÐŵÀÊÇÍùÒ»¸öÆ«Ïò´«ÊäÐÅÏ¢µÄýÌ壬һÌõͨѶµç·°üÀ¨Ò»¸ö·¢ËÍÐŵÀºÍÒ»¸ö½ÓÊÜÐŵÀ¡£

µ¥¹¤Í¨Ñ¶ÐŵÀ£ºÖ»ÄÜÒ»¸öÆ«ÏòͨѶ£¬Ã»Óз´Æ«Ïò·´ÏìµÄÐŵÀ£»

°ëË«¹¤Í¨Ñ¶ÐŵÀ£ºË«·½¶¼¿ÉÒÔ·¢ËͺͽÓÊÜÐÅÏ¢£¬µ«²»¿Éͬʱ·¢ËÍÒ²²»¿ÉͬʱÎüÊÕ£»

È«Ë«¹¤Í¨Ñ¶ÐŵÀ£ºË«·½¶¼¿ÉÒÔͬʱ·¢ËͺÍÎüÊÕ¡£


03
Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ã


01 Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ã¸ÅÊö


Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãÔÚÎïÀí²ãÌṩµÄ·þÎñµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏÏòÍøÂç²ãÌṩ·þÎñ£¬Æä×î»ù±¾µÄ·þÎñÊǽ«Ô´×ÔÍøÂç²ãÀ´µÄÊý¾Ý¿É¿¿µØ´«Êäµ½ÏàÁÚ½ÚµãµÄÄ¿µÄ»úÍøÂç²ã¡£Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãÔÚ²»¿É¿¿µÄÎïÀí½éÖÊÉÏÌṩ¿É¿¿µÄ´«Êä¡£



¸Ã²ãµÄ×÷ÓðüÀ¨£ºÎïÀíµØµãÑ°Ö·¡¢Êý¾ÝµÄ³ÉÖ¡¡¢Á÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ¡¢Êý¾ÝµÄ¼ì´í¡¢ÖØ·¢µÈ¡£



ÓйØÊý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãµÄÖ÷Ҫ֪ʶµã£º



Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãΪÍøÂç²ãÌṩ¿É¿¿µÄÊý¾Ý´«Ê䣻

»ù±¾Êý¾Ýµ¥Î»ÎªÖ¡£»

Ö÷ÒªµÄЭÒ飺ÒÔÌ«ÍøЭÒ飻

Á½¸öÖ÷Ҫװ±¸Ãû³Æ£ºÍøÇźͽ»Á÷»ú¡£



·â×°³ÉÖ¡£º“Ö¡”ÊÇÊý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãÊý¾ÝµÄ»ù±¾µ¥Î»£º



͸Ã÷´«Ê䣺“͸Ã÷”ÊÇÖ¸×ÝÈ»¿ØÖÆ×Ö·ûÔÚÖ¡Êý¾ÝÖУ¬¿ÉÊÇÒªµ±×ö²»±£´æÐÐÖ¹Ö᣼´ÔÚ¿ØÖÆ×Ö·ûÇ°¼ÓÉÏתÒå×Ö·ûESC¡£



02 Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãµÄ¹ýʧ¼à²â


¹ýʧ¼ì²â£ºÆæżУÑéÂ롢ѭ»·ÈßÓàУÑéÂëCRC



ÆæżУÑéÂë–¾ÖÏÞÐÔ£ºµ±ÍÉ»¯Á½Î»Ê±£¬¼ì²â²»µ½¹ýʧ¡£

Ñ­»·ÈßÓàÄ¥Á·Â룺ƾ֤´«Êä»òÉúÑĵÄÊý¾Ý¶ø±¬·¢Àο¿Î»ÊýУÑéÂë¡£



03 ×î´ó´«Ê䵥λMTU


×î´ó´«Ê䵥λMTU(Maximum Transmission Unit)£¬Êý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãµÄÊý¾ÝÖ¡²»ÊÇÎÞÏÞ´óµÄ£¬Êý¾ÝÖ¡³¤¶ÈÊÜMTUÏÞÖÆ.

·¾¶MTU£ºÓÉÁ´Â·ÖÐMTUµÄ×îСֵ¾öÒé¡£



04 ÒÔÌ«ÍøЭÒéÏê½â


MACµØµã£ºÃ¿Ò»¸ö×°±¸¶¼ÓµÓÐΨһµÄMACµØµã£¬¹²48λ£¬Ê¹ÓÃÊ®Áù½øÖÆÌåÏÖ¡£



ÒÔÌ«ÍøЭÒ飺ÊÇÒ»ÖÖʹÓÃÆÕ±éµÄ¾ÖÓòÍøÊÖÒÕ£¬ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÊý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãµÄЭÒ飬ʹÓÃÒÔÌ«Íø¿ÉÒÔÍê³ÉÏàÁÚ×°±¸µÄÊý¾ÝÖ¡´«Ê䣺



¾ÖÓòÍø·ÖÀࣺ


EthernetÒÔÌ«ÍøIEEE802.3



ÒÔÌ«ÍøµÚÒ»¸öÆձ鰲ÅŵĸßËÙ¾ÖÓòÍø

ÒÔÌ«ÍøÊý¾ÝËÙÂÊ¿ì

ÒÔÌ«ÍøÓ²¼þ¼ÛÇ®×ÔÖÆ£¬ÍøÂçÔì¼Û±¾Ç®µÍ



ÒÔÌ«ÍøÖ¡½á¹¹


ÀàÐÍ£º±êʶÉϲãЭÒ飨2×Ö½Ú£©

Ä¿µÄµØµãºÍÔ´µØµã£ºMACµØµã£¨Ã¿¸ö6×Ö½Ú£©

Êý¾Ý£º·â×°µÄÉϲãЭÒéµÄ·Ö×飨46~1500×Ö½Ú£©

CRC£ºÑ­»·ÈßÓàÂ루4×Ö½Ú£©

ÒÔÌ«Íø×î¶ÌÖ¡£ºÒÔÌ«ÍøÖ¡×î¶Ì64×Ö½Ú£»ÒÔÌ«ÍøÖ¡³ýÁËÊý¾Ý²¿·Ö18×Ö½Ú£»Êý¾Ý×î¶Ì46×Ö½Ú£»



MACµØµã£¨ÎïÀíµØµã¡¢¾ÖÓòÍøµØµã£©


MACµØµã³¤¶ÈΪ6×Ö½Ú£¬48λ£»

MACµØµã¾ßÓÐΨһÐÔ£¬Ã¿¸öÍøÂçÊÊÅäÆ÷¶ÔÓ¦Ò»¸öMACµØµã£»

ͨ³£½ÓÄÉÊ®Áù½øÖÆÌåÏÖ·¨£¬Ã¿¸ö×Ö½ÚÌåÏÖÒ»¸öÊ®Áù½øÖÆÊý£¬Óà - »ò : ÅþÁ¬ÆðÀ´£»

MAC¹ã²¥µØµã£ºFF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF¡£





04
ÍøÂç²ã


ÍøÂç²ãµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇʵÏÖÁ½¸ö¶Ëϵͳ֮¼äµÄÊý¾Ý͸Ã÷´«ËÍ£¬Ïêϸ¹¦Ð§°üÀ¨Ñ°Ö·ºÍ·ÓÉÑ¡Ôñ¡¢ÅþÁ¬µÄ½¨Éè¡¢¼á³ÖºÍÖÕÖ¹µÈ¡£Êý¾Ý½»Á÷ÊÖÒÕÊDZ¨ÎĽ»Á÷£¨»ù±¾Éϱ»·Ö×éËùÌæ»»£©£º½ÓÄÉÖü´æת·¢·½·¨£¬Êý¾Ý½»Á÷µ¥Î»ÊDZ¨ÎÄ¡£



ÍøÂç²ãÖÐÉæ¼°ÖÚ¶àµÄЭÒ飬ÆäÖаüÀ¨×îÖ÷ÒªµÄЭÒ飬ҲÊÇTCP/IPµÄ½¹µãЭÒé——IPЭÒé¡£IPЭÒéºÜÊǼòÆÓ£¬½ö½öÌṩ²»¿É¿¿¡¢ÎÞÅþÁ¬µÄ´«ËÍ·þÎñ¡£IPЭÒéµÄÖ÷Òª¹¦Ð§ÓУºÎÞÅþÁ¬Êý¾Ý±¨´«Êä¡¢Êý¾Ý±¨Â·ÓÉÑ¡ÔñºÍ¹ýʧ¿ØÖÆ¡£



ÓëIPЭÒéÅäÌ×ʹÓÃʵÏÖÆ书ЧµÄÉÐÓеصãÆÊÎöЭÒéARP¡¢ÄæµØµãÆÊÎöЭÒéRARP¡¢ÒòÌØÍø±¨ÎÄЭÒéICMP¡¢ÒòÌØÍø×éÖÎÀíЭÒéIGMP¡£



ÏêϸµÄЭÒéÎÒÃÇ»áÔÚ½ÓÏÂÀ´µÄ²¿·Ö¾ÙÐÐ×ܽᣬÓйØÍøÂç²ãµÄÖصãΪ£º



1¡¢ÍøÂç²ãÈÏÕæ¶Ô×ÓÍø¼äµÄÊý¾Ý°ü¾ÙÐзÓÉÑ¡Ôñ¡£±ðµÄ£¬ÍøÂç²ã»¹¿ÉÒÔʵÏÖÓµÈû¿ØÖÆ¡¢Íø¼Ê»¥Á¬µÈ¹¦Ð§£»
2¡¢»ù±¾Êý¾Ýµ¥Î»ÎªIPÊý¾Ý±¨£»
3¡¢°üÀ¨µÄÖ÷ҪЭÒ飺

IPЭÒ飨Internet Protocol£¬ÒòÌØÍø»¥ÁªÐ­Ò飩;

ICMPЭÒ飨Internet Control Message Protocol£¬ÒòÌØÍø¿ØÖƱ¨ÎÄЭÒ飩;

ARPЭÒ飨Address Resolution Protocol£¬µØµãÆÊÎöЭÒ飩;

RARPЭÒ飨Reverse Address Resolution Protocol£¬ÄæµØµãÆÊÎöЭÒ飩¡£

4¡¢Ö÷ÒªµÄ×°±¸£ºÂ·ÓÉÆ÷¡£



·ÓÉÆ÷Ïà¹ØЭÒ飺


WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ

01 IPЭÒéÏê½â


IPÍø¼ÊЭÒéÊÇ Internet ÍøÂç²ã×î½¹µãµÄЭÒé¡£



ÐéÄ⻥ÁªÍøÂçµÄ±¬·¢£ºÏÖʵµÄÅÌËã»úÍøÂç´í×ÛÖØ´ó£»ÎïÀí×°±¸Í¨¹ýʹÓÃIPЭÒ飬ÆÁÕÏÁËÎïÀíÍøÂçÖ®¼äµÄ²î±ð£»µ±ÍøÂçÖÐÖ÷»úʹÓÃIPЭÒéÅþÁ¬Ê±£¬ÎÞÐè¹Ø×¢ÍøÂçϸ½Ú£¬ÓÚÊÇÐγÉÁËÐéÄâÍøÂç¡£




IPЭÒéʹµÃÖØ´óµÄÏÖʵÍøÂç±äΪһ¸öÐéÄ⻥ÁªµÄÍøÂ磻²¢ÇÒ½â¾öÁËÔÚÐéÄâÍøÂçÖÐÊý¾Ý±¨´«Êä·¾¶µÄÎÊÌâ¡£




ÆäÖУ¬°æ±¾Ö¸IPЭÒéµÄ°æ±¾£¬Õ¼4룬ÈçIPv4ºÍIPv6£»

Êײ¿Î»³¤¶ÈÌåÏÖIPÊײ¿³¤¶È£¬Õ¼4룬×î´óÊýֵλ15£»

×ܳ¤¶ÈÌåÏÖIPÊý¾Ý±¨×ܳ¤¶È£¬Õ¼16룬×î´óÊýֵλ65535£»

TTLÌåÏÖIPÊý¾Ý±¨ÎÄÔÚÍøÂçÖеÄÊÙÃü£¬Õ¼8λ£»

ЭÒéÅú×¢IPÊý¾ÝËùЯ´øµÄÏêϸÊý¾ÝÊÇʲôЭÒéµÄ£¬ÈçTCP¡¢UDP¡£



02 IPЭÒéµÄת·¢Á÷³Ì

WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ


03 IPµØµãµÄ×ÓÍø»®·Ö




AÀࣨ8ÍøÂçºÅ+24Ö÷»úºÅ£©¡¢BÀࣨ16ÍøÂçºÅ+16Ö÷»úºÅ£©¡¢CÀࣨ24ÍøÂçºÅ+8Ö÷»úºÅ£©¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚ±êʶÍøÂçÖеÄÖ÷»ú»ò·ÓÉÆ÷£¬DÀàµØµã×÷Ϊ×é¹ã²¥µØµã£¬EÀàÊǵص㱣´æ¡£




04 ÍøÂçµØµãת»»NATÊÖÒÕ


ÓÃÓÚ¶à¸öÖ÷»úͨ¹ýÒ»¸ö¹«ÓÐIP»á¼û»á¼û»¥ÁªÍøµÄ˽ÓÐÍøÂçÖУ¬¼õ»ºÁËIPµØµãµÄÏûºÄ£¬¿ÉÊÇÔöÌíÁËÍøÂçͨѶµÄÖØƯºó¡£



NAT ÊÂÇéÔ­Àí£º



´ÓÄÚÍø³öÈ¥µÄIPÊý¾Ý±¨£¬½«ÆäIPµØµãÌ滻ΪNAT·þÎñÆ÷ÓµÓеÄÕýµ±µÄ¹«¹²IPµØµã£¬²¢½«Ìæ»»¹Øϵ¼Í¼µ½NATת»»±íÖУ»



´Ó¹«¹²»¥ÁªÍø·µ»ØµÄIPÊý¾Ý±¨£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÆäÄ¿µÄµÄIPµØµã¼ìË÷NATת»»±í£¬²¢Ê¹ÓüìË÷µ½µÄÄÚ²¿Ë½ÓÐIPµØµãÌ滻ĿµÄIPµØµã£¬È»ºó½«IPÊý¾Ý±¨×ª·¢µ½ÄÚ²¿ÍøÂç¡£



05 ARPЭÒéÓëRARPЭÒé


µØµãÆÊÎöЭÒé ARP£¨Address Resolution Protocol£©£ºÎªÍø¿¨£¨ÍøÂçÊÊÅäÆ÷£©µÄIPµØµãµ½¶ÔÓ¦µÄÓ²¼þµØµãÌṩ¶¯Ì¬Ó³Éä¡£¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÍøÂç²ã32λµØµãת»¯ÎªÊý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãMAC48λµØµã¡£



ARP ÊǼ´²å¼´ÓõÄ£¬Ò»¸öARP±íÊÇ×Ô¶¯½¨ÉèµÄ£¬²»ÐèҪϵͳÖÎÀíÔ±À´ÉèÖá£




RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)ЭÒéÖ¸ÄæµØµãÆÊÎöЭÒ飬¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÊý¾ÝÁ´Â·²ãMAC48λµØµãת»¯ÎªÍøÂç²ã32λµØµã¡£



06 ICMPЭÒéÏê½â


Íø¼Ê¿ØÖƱ¨ÎÄЭÒ飨Internet Control Message Protocol£©£¬¿ÉÒÔ±¨¸æ¹ýʧÐÅÏ¢»òÕßÒì³£ÇéÐΣ¬ICMP±¨ÎÄ·â×°ÔÚIPÊý¾Ý±¨µ±ÖС£




ICMPЭÒéµÄÓ¦Óãº



PingÓ¦ÓãºÍøÂç¹ÊÕϵÄÅŲ飻

TracerouteÓ¦Ó㺿ÉÒÔ̽²âIPÊý¾Ý±¨ÔÚÍøÂçÖÐ×ß¹ýµÄ·¾¶¡£

07 ÍøÂç²ãµÄ·ÓɸÅÊö


¹ØÓÚ·ÓÉËã·¨µÄÒªÇó£º



׼ȷµÄÍêÕûµÄ¡¢ÔÚÅÌËãÉÏÓ¦¸Ã¾¡¿ÉÄÜÊǼòÆӵġ¢¿ÉÒÔ˳ӦÍøÂçÖеÄת±ä¡¢Îȹ̵Ĺ«ÕýµÄ¡£



×ÔÖÎϵͳAS£º



Ö¸´¦ÓÚÒ»¸öÖÎÀí»ú¹¹ÏµÄÍøÂç×°±¸Èº£¬ASÄÚ²¿ÍøÂç×ÔÖÎÖÎÀí£¬¶ÔÍâÌṩһ¸ö»ò¶à¸öÊÕÖ§¿Ú£¬ÆäÖÐ×ÔÖÎϵͳÄÚ²¿µÄ·ÓÉЭÒéΪÄÚ²¿Íø¹ØЭÒ飬ÈçRIP¡¢OSPFµÈ£»×ÔÖÎϵͳÍⲿµÄ·ÓÉЭÒéΪÍⲿÍø¹ØЭÒ飬ÈçBGP¡£



¾²Ì¬Â·ÓÉ£º

È˹¤ÉèÖã¬ÄѶȺÍÖØƯºó¸ß£»



¶¯Ì¬Â·ÓÉ£º

Á´Â·×´Ì¬Â·ÓÉÑ¡ÔñËã·¨LS£ºÏòËùÓиôÁÚ·ÓÉ·¢ËÍÐÅÏ¢ÊÕÁ²¿ì£»È«¾Öʽ·ÓÉÑ¡ÔñËã·¨£¬Ã¿¸ö·ÓÉÆ÷ÅÌËã·ÓÉʱ£¬Ðè¹¹½¨Õû¸öÍøÂçÍØÆËͼ£»Ê¹ÓÃDijkstraËã·¨ÇóÔ´¶Ëµ½Ä¿µÄ¶ËÍøÂçµÄ×î¶Ì·¾¶£»Dijkstra(µÏ½Ü˹ÌØÀ­)Ëã·¨

¾àÀë-ÏòÁ¿Â·ÓÉÑ¡ÔñËã·¨DV£ºÏòËùÓиôÁÚ·ÓÉ·¢ËÍÐÅÏ¢ÊÕÁ²Âý¡¢»á±£´æ»Ø·£»»ù´¡ÊÇBellman-Ford·½³Ì£¨¼ò³ÆB-F·½³Ì£©£»

08 ÄÚ²¿Íø¹Ø·ÓÉЭÒéÖ®RIPЭÒé


·ÓÉÐÅϢЭÒé RIP(Routing Information Protocol)¡¾Ó¦Óò㡿£¬»ùÓÚ¾àÀë-ÏòÁ¿µÄ·ÓÉÑ¡ÔñËã·¨£¬½ÏСµÄAS£¨×ÔÖÎϵͳ£©£¬ÊʺÏСÐÍÍøÂ磻RIP±¨ÎÄ£¬·â×°½øUDPÊý¾Ý±¨¡£



RIPЭÒéÌØÕ÷£º



RIPÔÚ»³±§Â·¾¶Ê±½ÓÄɵÄÊÇÌøÊý£¨Ã¿¸ö·ÓÉÆ÷ά»¤×ÔÉíµ½ÆäËûÿ¸ö·ÓÉÆ÷µÄ¾àÀë¼Í¼£©£»

RIPµÄÓöȽç˵ÔÚԴ·ÓÉÆ÷ºÍÄ¿µÄ×ÓÍøÖ®¼ä£»

RIP±»ÏÞÖƵÄÍøÂçÖ±¾¶²»Áè¼Ý15Ìø£»

ºÍ¸ôÁÚ½»Á÷ËùÓеÄÐÅÏ¢£¬30×Ô¶¯Ò»´Î£¨¹ã²¥£©¡£

09 ÄÚ²¿Íø¹Ø·ÓÉЭÒéÖ®OSPFЭÒé


¿ª·Å×î¶Ì·¾¶ÓÅÏÈЭÒé OSPF(Open Shortest Path First)¡¾ÍøÂç²ã¡¿£¬»ùÓÚÁ´Â·×´Ì¬µÄ·ÓÉÑ¡ÔñËã·¨£¨¼´DijkstraËã·¨£©£¬½Ï´ó¹æÄ£µÄAS £¬ÊʺϴóÐÍÍøÂ磬ֱ½Ó·â×°ÔÚIPÊý¾Ý±¨´«Êä¡£



OSPFЭÒéÓŵ㣺



Çå¾²£»

Ö§³Ö¶àÌõÏàͬÓöÈ·¾¶£»

Ö§³ÖÇø±ð»¯ÓöȻ³±§£»

Ö§³Öµ¥²¥Â·ÓɺͶಥ·ÓÉ£»

·Ö²ã·ÓÉ¡£

RIPÓëOSPFµÄ±ÈÕÕ£¨Â·ÓÉËã·¨¾öÒéÆäÐÔ×Ó£©£º




10 ÍⲿÍø¹Ø·ÓÉЭÒéÖ®BGPЭÒé


BGP£¨Border Gateway Protocol£©±ß¼ÊÍø¹ØЭÒ顾ӦÓò㡿£ºÊÇÔËÐÐÔÚASÖ®¼äµÄÒ»ÖÖЭÒé,Ñ°ÕÒÒ»ÌõºÃ·ÓÉ£ºÊ״ν»Á÷ËùÓÐÐÅÏ¢£¬ÒÔºóÖ»½»Á÷ת±äµÄ²¿·Ö,BGP·â×°½øTCP±¨ÎĶΡ£




05
´«Êä²ã



µÚÒ»¸ö¶Ëµ½¶Ë£¬¼´Ö÷»úµ½Ö÷»úµÄÌõÀí¡£´«Êä²ãÈÏÕ潫ÉϲãÊý¾Ý·Ö¶Î²¢Ìṩ¶Ëµ½¶ËµÄ¡¢¿É¿¿µÄ»ò²»¿É¿¿µÄ´«Êä¡£



±ðµÄ£¬´«Êä²ã»¹Òª´¦Öóͷ£¶Ëµ½¶ËµÄ¹ýʧ¿ØÖƺÍÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆÎÊÌâ¡£



´«Êä²ãµÄʹÃüÊÇƾ֤ͨѶ×ÓÍøµÄÌØÕ÷£¬×î¼ÑµÄʹÓÃÍøÂç×ÊÔ´£¬ÎªÁ½¸ö¶ËϵͳµÄ»á»°²ãÖ®¼ä£¬Ìṩ½¨É衢ά»¤ºÍ×÷·Ï´«ÊäÅþÁ¬µÄ¹¦Ð§£¬ÈÏÕæ¶Ëµ½¶ËµÄ¿É¿¿Êý¾Ý´«Êä¡£



ÔÚÕâÒ»²ã£¬ÐÅÏ¢´«Ë͵ÄЭÒéÊý¾Ýµ¥Î»³ÆΪ¶Î»ò±¨ÎÄ¡£



ÍøÂç²ãÖ»ÊÇƾ֤ÍøÂçµØµã½«Ô´½áµã·¢³öµÄÊý¾Ý°ü´«Ë͵½Ä¿µÄ½áµã£¬¶ø´«Êä²ãÔòÈÏÕ潫Êý¾Ý¿É¿¿µØ´«Ë͵½ÏìÓ¦µÄ¶Ë¿Ú¡£



ÓйØÍøÂç²ãµÄÖص㣺



´«Êä²ãÈÏÕ潫ÉϲãÊý¾Ý·Ö¶Î²¢Ìṩ¶Ëµ½¶ËµÄ¡¢¿É¿¿µÄ»ò²»¿É¿¿µÄ´«ÊäÒÔ¼°¶Ëµ½¶ËµÄ¹ýʧ¿ØÖƺÍÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆÎÊÌ⣻

°üÀ¨µÄÖ÷ҪЭÒ飺TCPЭÒ飨Transmission Control Protocol£¬´«Êä¿ØÖÆЭÒ飩¡¢UDPЭÒ飨User Datagram Protocol£¬Óû§Êý¾Ý±¨Ð­Ò飩£»

Ö÷Ҫװ±¸£ºÍø¹Ø¡£




01 UDPЭÒéÏê½â


UDP(User Datagram Protocol: Óû§Êý¾Ý±¨Ð­Òé)£¬ÊÇÒ»¸öºÜÊǼòÆÓµÄЭÒé¡£





UDPЭÒéµÄÌص㣺



UDPÊÇÎÞÅþÁ¬Ð­Ò飻

UDP²»¿É°ü¹Ü¿É¿¿µÄ½»¸¶Êý¾Ý£»

UDPÊÇÃæÏò±¨ÎÄ´«ÊäµÄ£»

UDPûÓÐÓµÈû¿ØÖÆ£»

UDPÊײ¿¿ªÏúºÜС¡£

UDPÊý¾Ý±¨½á¹¹£º



Êײ¿:8B£¬ËÄ×Ö¶Î/2B¡¾Ô´¶Ë¿Ú | Ä¿µÄ¶Ë¿Ú | UDP³¤¶È | УÑéºÍ¡¿ Êý¾Ý×ֶΣºÓ¦ÓÃÊý¾Ý



02 TCPЭÒéÏê½â


TCP(Transmission Control Protocol: ´«Êä¿ØÖÆЭÒé)£¬ÊÇÅÌËã»úÍøÂçÖкÜÊÇÖØ´óµÄÒ»¸öЭÒé¡£




TCPЭÒéµÄ¹¦Ð§£º



¶ÔÓ¦Óò㱨ÎľÙÐзֶκÍÖØ×飻

ÃæÏòÓ¦ÓòãʵÏÖ¸´ÓÃÓëÆÊÎö£»

ʵÏֶ˵½¶ËµÄÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ£»

ÓµÈû¿ØÖÆ£»

´«Êä²ãÑ°Ö·£»

¶ÔÊÕµ½µÄ±¨ÎľÙÐйýʧ¼ì²â£¨Êײ¿ºÍÊý¾Ý²¿·Ö¶¼¼ì´í£©£»

ʵÏÖÀú³Ì¼äµÄ¶Ëµ½¶Ë¿É¿¿Êý¾Ý´«Êä¿ØÖÆ¡£



TCPЭÒéµÄÌص㣺



TCPÊÇÃæÏòÅþÁ¬µÄЭÒ飻

TCPÊÇÃæÏò×Ö½ÚÔ¼µÄЭÒ飻

TCPµÄÒ»¸öÅþÁ¬ÓÐÁ½Í·£¬¼´µã¶ÔµãͨѶ£»

TCPÌṩ¿É¿¿µÄ´«Êä·þÎñ£»

TCPЭÒéÌṩȫ˫¹¤Í¨Ñ¶£¨Ã¿ÌõTCPÅþÁ¬Ö»ÄÜÒ»¶ÔÒ»£©£»

TCP±¨ÎĶνṹ£º


×î´ó±¨ÎĶγ¤¶È£º±¨ÎĶÎÖзâ×°µÄÓ¦ÓòãÊý¾ÝµÄ×î´ó³¤¶È¡£



TCPÊײ¿£º



ÐòºÅ×ֶΣºTCPµÄÐòºÅÊǶÔÿ¸öÓ¦ÓòãÊý¾ÝµÄÿ¸ö×Ö½Ú¾ÙÐбàºÅ

È·ÈÏÐòºÅ×ֶΣºÆÚÍû´Ó¶Ô·½ÎüÊÕÊý¾ÝµÄ×Ö½ÚÐòºÅ£¬¼´¸ÃÐòºÅ¶ÔÓ¦µÄ×Ö½ÚÉÐδÊÕµ½¡£ÓÃack_seq±êʶ£»

TCP¶ÎµÄÊײ¿³¤¶È×î¶ÌÊÇ20B £¬×Ϊ60×Ö½Ú¡£¿ÉÊdz¤¶È±ØÐèΪ4BµÄÕûÊý±¶



TCP±ê¼ÇµÄ×÷Óãº
WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ


03 ¿É¿¿´«ÊäµÄ»ùÀ´Ô´Àí


»ùÀ´Ô´Àí£º



²»¿É¿¿´«ÊäÐŵÀÔÚÊý¾Ý´«ÊäÖпÉÄܱ¬·¢µÄÇéÐΣº±ÈÌعýʧ¡¢ÂÒÐò¡¢ÖØ´«¡¢É¥Ê§

»ùÓÚ²»¿É¿¿ÐŵÀʵÏÖ¿É¿¿Êý¾Ý´«Êä½ÓÄɵIJ½·¥

¹ýʧ¼ì²â£ºÊ¹ÓñàÂëʵÏÖÊý¾Ý°ü´«ÊäÀú³ÌÖеıÈÌعýʧ¼ì²â



È·ÈÏ£ºÎüÊÕÆ«Ïò·¢ËÍ·½·´ÏìÎüÊÕ״̬



ÖØ´«£º·¢ËÍ·½ÖØз¢ËÍÎüÊÕ·½Ã»ÓÐ׼ȷÎüÊÕµÄÊý¾Ý



ÐòºÅ£ºÈ·±£Êý¾Ý˳´ÎÌá½»



¼ÆʱÆ÷£º½â¾öÊý¾ÝɥʧÎÊÌâ



×èÖ¹ÆÚ´ýЭÒ飺ÊÇ×î¼òÆӵĿɿ¿´«ÊäЭÒ飬¿ÉÊǸÃЭÒé¶ÔÐŵÀµÄʹÓÃÂʲ»¸ß¡£



Ò»Á¬ARQ(Automatic Repeat reQuest£º×Ô¶¯ÖØ´«ÇëÇó)ЭÒ飺»¬¶¯´°¿Ú+ÀÛ¼ÆÈ·ÈÏ£¬´ó·ùÌá¸ßÁËÐŵÀµÄʹÓÃÂÊ¡£

5.3.1TCPЭÒéµÄ¿É¿¿´«Êä


»ùÓÚÒ»Á¬ARQЭÒ飬ÔÚijЩÇéÐÎÏ£¬ÖØ´«µÄЧÂʲ¢²»¸ß£¬»áÖظ´´«Ê䲿·ÖÒѾ­ÀÖ³ÉÎüÊÕµÄ×Ö½Ú¡£



TCPЭÒéµÄÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ


Á÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ£ºÈ÷¢ËÍ·½·¢ËÍËÙÂʲ»ÒªÌ«¿ì£¬TCPЭÒéʹÓû¬¶¯´°¿ÚʵÏÖÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ¡£



04 TCPЭÒéµÄÓµÈû¿ØÖÆ


ÓµÈû¿ØÖÆÓëÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖƵÄÇø±ð£º



Á÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ˼Á¿µã¶ÔµãµÄͨѶÁ¿µÄ¿ØÖÆ£¬¶øÓµÈû¿ØÖÆ˼Á¿Õû¸öÍøÂ磬ÊÇÈ«¾ÖÐÔµÄ˼Á¿¡£ÓµÈû¿ØÖƵÄÒªÁ죺ÂýÆô¶¯Ëã·¨+ÓµÈû×èÖ¹Ëã·¨¡£



Âý×îÏȺÍÓµÈû×èÖ¹£º



¡¾Âý×îÏÈ¡¿ÓµÈû´°¿Ú´Ó1Ö¸ÊýÔöÌí£»

µÖ´ïãÐֵʱ½øÈ롾ӵÈû×èÖ¹¡¿£¬Äð³É+1ÔöÌí£»

¡¾³¬Ê±¡¿£¬ãÐÖµ±äΪĿ½ñcwndµÄÒ»°ë£¨²»¿É<2£©£»

ÔÙ´Ó¡¾Âý×îÏÈ¡¿£¬ÓµÈû´°¿Ú´Ó1Ö¸ÊýÔöÌí¡£




¿ìÖØ´«ºÍ¿ì»Ö¸´£º



·¢ËÍ·½Ò»Á¬ÊÕµ½3¸öÈßÓàACK£¬Ö´ÐС¾¿ìÖØ´«¡¿£¬²»±ØµÈ¼ÆʱÆ÷³¬Ê±£»

Ö´ÐС¾¿ì»Ö¸´¡¿£¬ãÐÖµ±äΪĿ½ñcwndµÄÒ»°ë£¨²»¿É<2£©£¬²¢ÒÔºóеÄssthreshµã½øÈ롾ӵÈû×èÖ¹¡¿¡£




05 TCPÅþÁ¬µÄÈý´ÎÎÕÊÖ£¨Ö÷Òª£©


TCPÈý´ÎÎÕÊÖʹÓÃÖ¸Á




ÃæÊÔ³£¿Í£ºÎªÊ²Ã´ÐèÒªÈý´ÎÎÕÊÖ£¿



µÚÒ»´ÎÎÕÊÖ£º¿Í»§·¢ËÍÇëÇ󣬴Ëʱ·þÎñÆ÷ÖªµÀ¿Í»§ÄÜ·¢£»

µÚ¶þ´ÎÎÕÊÖ£º·þÎñÆ÷·¢ËÍÈ·ÈÏ£¬´Ëʱ¿Í»§ÖªµÀ·þÎñÆ÷ÄÜ·¢ÄÜÊÕ£»

µÚÈý´ÎÎÕÊÖ£º¿Í»§·¢ËÍÈ·ÈÏ£¬´Ëʱ·þÎñÆ÷ÖªµÀ¿Í»§ÄÜÊÕ¡£

½¨ÉèÅþÁ¬£¨Èý´ÎÎÕÊÖ£©£º



µÚÒ»´Î£º¿Í»§Ïò·þÎñÆ÷·¢ËÍÅþÁ¬ÇëÇó¶Î£¬½¨ÉèÅþÁ¬ÇëÇó¿ØÖƶΣ¨SYN=1£©£¬ÌåÏÖ´«ÊäµÄ±¨ÎĶεĵÚÒ»¸öÊý¾Ý×Ö½ÚµÄÐòÁкÅÊÇx£¬´ËÐòÁкŴú±íÕû¸ö±¨ÎĶεÄÐòºÅ£¨seq=x£©£»¿Í»§¶Ë½øÈë SYN_SEND £¨Í¬²½·¢ËÍ״̬£©£»



µÚ¶þ´Î£º·þÎñÆ÷·¢»ØÈ·Èϱ¨ÎĶΣ¬Ô޳ɽ¨ÉèÐÂÅþÁ¬¼òÖ±È϶Σ¨SYN=1£©£¬È·ÈÏÐòºÅ×Ö¶ÎÓÐÓã¨ACK=1£©£¬·þÎñÆ÷¸æËß¿Í»§¶Ë±¨ÎĶÎÐòºÅÊÇy£¨seq=y£©£¬ÌåÏÖ·þÎñÆ÷ÒѾ­ÊÕµ½¿Í»§¶ËÐòºÅΪxµÄ±¨ÎĶΣ¬×¼±¸½ÓÊÜ¿Í»§¶ËÐòÁкÅΪx+1µÄ±¨ÎĶΣ¨ack_seq=x+1£©£»·þÎñÆ÷ÓÉLISTEN½øÈëSYN_RCVD £¨Í¬²½ÊÕµ½×´Ì¬£©;



µÚÈý´Î£º¿Í»§¶Ô·þÎñÆ÷µÄͳһÅþÁ¬¾ÙÐÐÈ·ÈÏ.È·ÈÏÐòºÅ×Ö¶ÎÓÐÓÃ(ACK=1),¿Í»§´Ë´ÎµÄ±¨ÎĶεÄÐòÁкÅÊÇx+1(seq=x+1),¿Í»§ÆÚÍû½ÓÊÜ·þÎñÆ÷ÐòÁкÅΪy+1µÄ±¨ÎĶÎ(ack_seq=y+1);µ±¿Í»§·¢ËÍackʱ£¬¿Í»§¶Ë½øÈëESTABLISHED ״̬;µ±·þÎñÊÕµ½¿Í»§·¢Ë͵Äackºó£¬Ò²½øÈëESTABLISHED״̬;µÚÈý´ÎÎÕÊÖ¿ÉЯ´øÊý¾Ý


06 TCPÅþÁ¬µÄËĴλÓÊÖ£¨Ö÷Òª£©


ÊÍ·ÅÅþÁ¬£¨ËĴλÓÊÖ£©



µÚÒ»´Î£º¿Í»§Ïò·þÎñÆ÷·¢ËÍÊÍ·ÅÅþÁ¬±¨ÎĶΣ¬·¢ËͶËÊý¾Ý·¢ËÍÍê±Ï£¬ÇëÇóÊÍ·ÅÅþÁ¬£¨FIN=1£©£¬´«ÊäµÄµÚÒ»¸öÊý¾Ý×Ö½ÚµÄÐòºÅÊÇx£¨seq=x£©£»¿Í»§¶Ë״̬ÓÉESTABLISHED½øÈëFIN_WAIT_1£¨ÖÕÖ¹ÆÚ´ý1״̬£©£»



µÚ¶þ´Î£º·þÎñÆ÷Ïò¿Í»§·¢ËÍÈ·È϶Σ¬È·ÈÏ×ֺŶÎÓÐÓã¨ACK=1£©£¬·þÎñÆ÷´«ÊäµÄÊý¾ÝÐòºÅÊÇy£¨seq=y£©£¬·þÎñÆ÷ÆÚÍûÎüÊÕ¿Í»§Êý¾ÝÐòºÅΪx+1£¨ack_seq=x+1£©;·þÎñÆ÷״̬ÓÉESTABLISHED½øÈëCLOSE_WAIT£¨¹Ø±ÕÆÚ´ý£©£»¿Í»§¶ËÊÕµ½ACK¶Îºó£¬ÓÉFIN_WAIT_1½øÈëFIN_WAIT_2£»



µÚÈý´Î£º·þÎñÆ÷Ïò¿Í»§·¢ËÍÊÍ·ÅÅþÁ¬±¨ÎĶΣ¬ÇëÇóÊÍ·ÅÅþÁ¬£¨FIN=1£©£¬È·ÈÏ×ֺŶÎÓÐÓã¨ACK=1£©£¬ÌåÏÖ·þÎñÆ÷ÆÚÍûÎüÊÕ¿Í»§Êý¾ÝÐòºÅΪx+1£¨ack_seq=x+1£©;ÌåÏÖ×Ô¼º´«ÊäµÄµÚÒ»¸ö×Ö½ÚÐòºÅÊÇy+1£¨seq=y+1£©£»·þÎñÆ÷״̬ÓÉCLOSE_WAIT ½øÈë LAST_ACK £¨×îºóÈ·ÈÏ״̬£©£»



µÚËĴΣº¿Í»§Ïò·þÎñÆ÷·¢ËÍÈ·È϶Σ¬È·ÈÏ×ֺŶÎÓÐÓã¨ACK=1£©£¬ÌåÏÖ¿Í»§´«ÊäµÄÊý¾ÝÐòºÅÊÇx+1£¨seq=x+1£©£¬ÌåÏÖ¿Í»§ÆÚÍûÎüÊÕ·þÎñÆ÷Êý¾ÝÐòºÅΪy+1+1£¨ack_seq=y+1+1£©£»¿Í»§¶Ë״̬ÓÉFIN_WAIT_2½øÈëTIME_WAIT£¬ÆÚ´ý2MSLʱ¼ä£¬½øÈëCLOSED״̬£»·þÎñÆ÷ÔÚÊÕµ½×îºóÒ»´ÎACKºó£¬ÓÉLAST_ACK½øÈëCLOSED



ΪʲôÐèÒªÆÚ´ý2MSL?



×îºóÒ»¸ö±¨ÎÄûÓÐÈ·ÈÏ£»

È·±£·¢ËÍ·½µÄACK¿ÉÒÔµÖ´ïÎüÊÕ·½£»

2MSLʱ¼äÄÚûÓÐÊÕµ½£¬ÔòÎüÊÕ·½»áÖØ·¢£»

È·±£Ä¿½ñÅþÁ¬µÄËùÓб¨ÎĶ¼ÒѾ­ÓâÆÚ¡£



06
Ó¦Óòã


Ϊ²Ù×÷ϵͳ»òÍøÂçÓ¦ÓóÌÐòÌṩ»á¼ûÍøÂç·þÎñµÄ½Ó¿Ú¡£Ó¦ÓòãÖص㣺



Êý¾Ý´«Êä»ù±¾µ¥Î»Îª±¨ÎÄ£»

°üÀ¨µÄÖ÷ҪЭÒ飺FTP£¨Îļþ´«ËÍЭÒ飩¡¢Telnet£¨Ô¶³ÌµÇ¼ЭÒ飩¡¢DNS£¨ÓòÃûÆÊÎöЭÒ飩¡¢SMTP£¨Óʼþ´«ËÍЭÒ飩£¬POP3ЭÒ飨ÓʾÖЭÒ飩£¬HTTPЭÒ飨Hyper Text Transfer Protocol£©¡£

01 DNSÏê½â


DNS£¨Domain Name System:ÓòÃûϵͳ£©¡¾C/S£¬UDP£¬¶Ë¿Ú53¡¿£º½â¾öIPµØµãÖØ´óÄÑÒÔÓ°ÏóµÄÎÊÌâ,´æ´¢²¢Íê³É×Ô¼ºËùͳÁì¹æÄ£ÄÚÖ÷»úµÄ ÓòÃû µ½ IP µØµãµÄÓ³Éä¡£



ÓòÃûÆÊÎöµÄ˳Ðò£º



ä¯ÀÀÆ÷»º´æ£¬

ÕÒ±¾»úµÄhostsÎļþ£¬

·ÓÉ»º´æ£¬

ÕÒDNS·þÎñÆ÷£¨ÍâµØÇøÃû¡¢¶¥¼¶ÓòÃû¡¢¸ùÓòÃû£©->µü´úÆÊÎö¡¢µÝ¹éÅÌÎÊ¡£

IP—>DNS·þÎñ—>±ãÓÚÓ°ÏóµÄÓòÃû


ÓòÃûÓɵ㡢×ÖĸºÍÊý×Ö×é³É£¬·ÖΪ¶¥¼¶Óò£¨com£¬cn£¬net£¬gov£¬org£©¡¢¶þ¼¶Óò£¨baidu,taobao,qq,alibaba£©¡¢Èý¼¶Óò£¨www£©(12-2-0852)



02 DHCPЭÒéÏê½â


DHCP£¨Dynamic Configuration Protocol:¶¯Ì¬Ö÷»úÉèÖÃЭÒ飩£ºÊÇÒ»¸ö¾ÖÓòÍøЭÒ飬ÊÇÓ¦ÓÃUDPЭÒéµÄÓ¦ÓòãЭÒé¡£×÷ÓãºÎªÔÝʱ½ÓÈë¾ÖÓòÍøµÄÓû§×Ô¶¯·ÖÅÉIPµØµã¡£



03 HTTPЭÒéÏê½â


Îļþ´«ÊäЭÒ飨FTP£©£º¿ØÖÆÅþÁ¬£¨¶Ë¿Ú21£©£º´«Êä¿ØÖÆÐÅÏ¢£¨ÅþÁ¬¡¢´«ÊäÇëÇ󣩣¬ÒÔ7λASCIIÂëµÄÃûÌá£Õû¸ö»á»°Ê±´úÒ»Ö±·­¿ª¡£



HTTP£¨HyperText Transfer Protocol:³¬Îı¾´«ÊäЭÒ飩¡¾TCP£¬¶Ë¿Ú80¡¿£ºÊÇ¿É¿¿µÄÊý¾Ý´«ÊäЭÒ飬ä¯ÀÀÆ÷Ïò·þÎñÆ÷·¢ÊÕ±¨ÎÄÇ°£¬ÏȽ¨ÉèTCPÅþÁ¬£¬HTTPʹÓÃTCPÅþÁ¬·½·¨£¨HTTP×ÔÉíÎÞÅþÁ¬£©¡£



HTTPÇëÇó±¨ÎÄ·½·¨£º



GET£ºÇëÇóÖ¸¶¨µÄÒ³ÃæÐÅÏ¢£¬²¢·µ»ØʵÌåÖ÷Ì壻

POST£ºÏòÖ¸¶¨×ÊÔ´Ìá½»Êý¾Ý¾ÙÐд¦Öóͷ£ÇëÇó£»

DELETE£ºÇëÇó·þÎñÆ÷ɾ³ýÖ¸¶¨µÄÒ³Ã棻

HEAD£ºÇëÇó¶ÁÈ¡URL±êʶµÄÐÅÏ¢µÄÊײ¿£¬Ö»·µ»Ø±¨ÎÄÍ·£»

OPETION£ºÇëÇóһЩѡÏîµÄÐÅÏ¢£»

PUT£ºÔÚÖ¸Ã÷µÄURLÏ´洢һ¸öÎĵµ¡£




£¨1£©HTTPÊÂÇéµÄ½á¹¹

WMÕæÈË_WMÊÓѶ_WMÕæÈËƽ̨-APPÏÂÔØ

£¨2£© HTTPSЭÒéÏê½â


HTTPS(Secure)ÊÇÇå¾²µÄHTTPЭÒ飬¶Ë¿ÚºÅ443¡£»ùÓÚHTTPЭÒ飬ͨ¹ýSSL»òTLSÌṩ¼ÓÃÜ´¦Öóͷ£Êý¾Ý¡¢ÑéÖ¤¶Ô·½Éí·ÝÒÔ¼°Êý¾ÝÍêÕûÐÔ±£»¤¡£
¹«Ë¾×ܲ¿£ºÎ人ÊÐçóè¤Â·20ºÅ(½ÖµÀ¿Ú£©¸·»ª´óÏÃB×ù1102/1103ÊÒ
ÓªÒµÒ»²¿£ºµç»°:027-87643239 87214385
ÓªÒµ¶þ²¿£ºÎ人ÊкéɽÇøçóʨ·204ºÅÃ÷ÑÅÔ·5¶°3µ¥Î»B102 µç»°£º027-87395188 027-87295188
ͶËߵ绰£º18995558000 ÊÖÒÕ·þÎñ£º18995560008
¹«Ë¾¹ÙÍø£ºwww.hbhcdz.cn ΢ÐŹ«Öںţºhongchidianzi888
WMÕæÈËWMÊÓѶÖ÷Òª´ÓÊÂLED¡¢DIDÖÆ×÷×°Öã¬
ÓªÒµ°üÀ¨£ºledÏÔʾÆÁ×°ÖÃάÐÞ¡¢DIDÆ´½ÓÆÁ¡¢¼à¿Ø°²·Àϵͳ¡¢¹ã¸æ»ú¶¨ÖÆ¡¢Í¶Ó°Èںϻ·Ä»ÏµÍ³¶¨ÖƵÈ£¬ÓªÒµÁýÕÖÌìÏ¡£
¶õICP±¸11008404ºÅ-1| Copyright@2007-2015 | WMÕæÈËWMÊÓѶ | All Rights Reserved °æȨËùÓÐ ÊÖÒÕÖ§³Ö£ºÎ人SEOöÎÁéÈñ °Ù¶Èͳ¼Æ±¸°¸ºÅ£º¶õICP±¸17003847ºÅ-1¶õ¹«Íø°²±¸ 42011102001041ºÅ
½Ó´ý×Éѯ
 WMÕæÈËWMÊÓѶÉÌÎñ2
°ØŮʿ
ÕÅÏÈÉú
ÍøÕ¾µØͼ
ÓÑÇéÁ´½Ó£º×ðÁú¿­Ê±  amjs°Ä½ðɳÃÅ  jdbµç×ÓÓÎϷƽ̨  k8¿­·¢agÆì½¢  jdbµç×ÓÓÎϷƽ̨  AGÆì½¢Ìü  PPµç×Ó  918²©ÌìÌÃÖйú  Î¤µÂ¹ÙÍø  AGÆì½¢Ìü  É³°Í¹ÙÍø  ÃÀʨ¹ó±ö»á  PPµç×Ó  k1ÌåÓý  yd2333Ôƶ¥µç×ÓÓÎÏ·